Maui to Madison Turbulence Forecast

OGG → MSN · 4,103 miles · ~8h 42m

What to Expect

The Maui to Madison route, heading northeast over 4103 miles, presents a mix of potential turbulence, but nothing that pilots aren't well-prepared for. Initially, you'll cross the open Pacific, where oceanic clear-air turbulence and convection can cause some bumps. As you approach the Pacific Coast, be prepared for more clear-air turbulence (CAT). Flying over the Sierra Nevada and Central Rockies, mountain wave turbulence is possible, caused by wind flowing over the mountains. The Great Plains and Upper Midwest might bring additional clear-air turbulence (CAT). Finally, near Madison, you might experience lake-effect turbulence as you cross the Great Lakes. Remember, pilots constantly monitor and adjust to these conditions, so the predicted turbulence is accounted for in flight plans and in-flight adjustments.

Flights between Maui and Madison cross the Sierra Nevada, a steep mountain barrier in eastern California. The Sierra generates some of the most intense rotor and wave turbulence in the world — the famous "Sierra Wave" can reach the stratosphere. East-side downdrafts are especially sharp, and flights into or out of Reno or the Central Valley often feel the effects.

Turbulence Factors on This Route

• Oceanic Clear-Air Turbulence: Transoceanic jet stream crossings produce extended stretches of clear-air turbulence over the open Pacific.
• Oceanic Convection: Isolated thunderstorms over warm Pacific waters can develop away from radar coverage, catching flights off guard.
• Mountain Wave Turbulence: The Sierra Nevada produces the well-known Sierra Wave, one of the strongest mountain wave systems in North America.

When Is This Route Bumpiest?

For the smoothest possible flight, aim for spring, early summer, summer, early fall, or fall. These seasons generally have more stable air patterns over the Pacific and fewer strong winds interacting with the mountains. Winter, late summer, early spring, spring, late fall, and early winter can be a bit bumpier. This is due to stronger jet streams creating more clear-air turbulence, and increased instability in the atmosphere which amplifies mountain wave effects. Lake-effect turbulence is also more common when the lakes are much warmer than the air above them, which occurs during late summer, fall, and early winter.

Tips for This Flight

If possible, try to book a morning flight, as the air is often calmer then. Any turbulence you might encounter on this route is most likely to feel like driving on a slightly bumpy, but well-maintained, dirt road. For extra comfort, consider choosing a seat over the wing, as this area experiences less motion. Staying hydrated can also help you feel more relaxed; bring a reusable water bottle and sip on it consistently throughout the flight. Remember that the flight crew is highly experienced in handling all weather conditions, and they're there to ensure a safe and smooth journey.

Get Your Forecast

Related Routes

See all routes from Maui or to Madison.

More from Maui

More to Madison

Forecasts based on NOAA HRRR and GFS atmospheric model data.